Friday, November 28, 2014

DBMS architecture (2- tier & 3-tier architecture)

DBMS Architecture

The design of a Database Management System highly depends on its architecture. It can be centralized or decentralized or hierarchical. DBMS architecture can be seen as single tier or multi tier. n-tier architecture divides the whole system into related but independent n modules, which can be independently modified, altered, changed or replaced.

3 Level architecture:

It was two organisation ANSINC & SPARCE in 1972 proposed three level architecture:

External or View level

Conceptual or Logical Level

Internal or Physical Level

DBMS overview, RDBMS v/s DBMS, File system & DBMS

What is Database?

A Database is a collection of coherent meaningful data today, typically in a digital form, so that its content can easily be accessed managed & updated.

The example of postal address would generally contain:

Building name
Street name
Flat No.
City
State
Pin code
Country etc. Thus the address book is a database and the postal address in the book, is the data that fills the database.

What is DBMS?

TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT

Transaction

A transaction is a unit of a program execution that accesses and possibly modifies various data objects (tupples, relations).

A transaction is a Logical unit of database processing that includes one or more access operations (read -retrieval, write - insert or update, delete).

Informatica Power center & Power mart?

Power Center: It is used by large organizations to handle larger volumes of data. We can configure multiple servers. If one server goes down then it automatically switches on to another server.

Informatica Power center installation in all windows XP,7,8

How to install Informatica? How to create Repository & Integration Services?

Before we start the SETUP being run we have some very important settings to be done,

First we have to create a couple of environment variables on our computer,

this can be done by right clicking on to My Computer and select ‘Properties’.

Informatica Architecture

Informatica Architecture is divided into two components:

1. Server Components -->Server Components in Informatica are:

a. Repository Server

b. Informatica Server

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)? Brief discussion of SMTP

SMTP:

When we send a mail it travels between many different computers on the way from sender to receiver. The first part is SMTP server and we must have to communicate with this server using SMTP protocol.

How to create a database in C++ using file handling

#include<stdio.h>

#include<iostream.h>

#include<conio.h>

#include<fstream.h>

#include<string.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

#include<iomanip.h>

Natural Language Processing in AI? Natural Language Processing (NLP) & its 7 stages? About Computer Language and Natural Language?

A natural language is just like a human language which we use for communication like English, Hindi, Gujarati, Bengali, Arabic ....etc.

Artificial Intelligence Strong and Weak (AI)? Difference between Strong AI v/s. Weak AI

AI is considered to be divided in to two major types, namely Weak AI and Strong AI. Weak AI is the thinking focused towards the development of technology capable of carrying out pre-planned moves based on some rules and applying these to achieve a certain goal. As opposed to that, Strong AI is developing technology that can think and function similar to humans, not just mimicking human behavior in a certain domain.

Artificial Intelligence

A.I. is the study of making computers smart. Artificial Intelligence is concerned with the design of intelligence in an artificial device.

The term was coined by McCarthy in 1956.The first definition we consider is by Elaine Rich, Artificial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things, at which, at the moment, people are better.

Process in Unix? Mechanism of Process creation in Unix? Process states and transition with diagram?

A process is simply a running program. A process is said to be born when the program starts execution and remains alive till the process is active. After the execution the process is said to be died.

Unix File System? Unix file structure? Blocks of Unix file system? Structure of regular file?

UNIX File System

Unix treats every thing as a file. All the utilities, applications and data are stored as a file. Even the devices and directories are also stored as a file. A Unix file system resembles an upside down tree. At the top their is root branching other directories called bin,lib, dev, usr, tmp, etc. Their is also a sub directories called UNIX which is nothing but a UNIX kernel it self.

Unix architecture

Unix OS divide into 2 parts :

Kernel

Shell

Kernel: Kernel is the heart of the Operating system.

Unix Operating system with its basic features

About UNIX:
Operating System is the system software that act as interface between computer hardware and application software. Ex: DOS, Windows, Unix etc.
Unix was originally developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T employees at Bell Labs, including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie etc.

JDBC type-2 ThinDriver example

class mydatabse
{
Connection cn;
ResultSet rs;
Statement st;
PreparedStatement pst;

JDBC Driver Types

JDBC is an API that helps the programmer to connect with RDBMS & perform the all database centric operation.

JDBC drivers are divided into four types or levels. The different types of jdbc drivers are:

Type 1: JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver (Bridge)

Type 2: Native-API/partly Java driver (Native)

Type 3: AllJava/Net-protocol driver (Middleware)
Type 4: All Java/Native-protocol driver (Pure)

4 types of jdbc drivers are elaborated in detail as shown below:

A stream (data) is a sequence of bytes that flow from source to destination.

We can also say that stream is an abstraction either produce or consume information.

Repository is a container of information about all the objects and activities done within the tools. It keeps references of remote objects like:Source Data ObjectTarget Data ObjectData Connection etc.

Informatica Integration Services

Informatica Services does all the real job.

Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) is a set of application program interfaces ( API s) used by Java programmers to create graphical user interface ( GUI ) objects, such as buttons, scroll bars, and windows.

The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) is Java's original platform-independent windowing, graphics, and user-interface widget toolkit.

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